INTRODUCTION:

The current internet age has new developments in technology every day. One such development is the discovery of 5G networks. This 5G network brought to real life experience is by Massive MIMO. Massive MIMO is a multi user multiple – input multiple – output technology which is a key factor to use 5G networks.

WHAT IS MASSIVE MIMO?

The Massive MIMO uses large antenna arrays in base stations to transmit signals from transmitter to receiver. Since, massive MIMO uses multiple paths which are de-correlated it makes it easy to send multiple data streams. The antennas in receiver and transmitter are grouped together to make betterment in efficiency of spectrum and transmission gain. The minimum number of antennas to be grouped is not specific but generally eight transmitter and receiver antennas are grouped which can get extended to even hundreds of antennas. The basic requirement of Massive MIMO is that the number of antennas in base station must be greater than the number of UE’s.

WHY MASSIVE MIMO?

We are in a technical world where new technologies are in high demand. Users want high speed and reliable technologies as communication through electronic gadgets is the most common method and massive MIMO is the most effective and latest form.

ADVANTAGES:

There are so many advantages of Massive MIMO and it overcomes the issues deal in the 4G LTE MIMO.

• Spectral efficiency: The spectral efficiency of massive MIMO is ten times higher than that of the 4G LTE. The reason is that it enables antenna arrays to focus the beam to each particular user.

• Efficiency of energy: The gain of transmission is high which means less power is radiated when transmitting data.

• User tracking: Since the transmission gain is high, the beam width decreases. This makes the antenna to focus the beams to each user. This makes the user tracking more efficient and particular.

• The channel noise can be decreased when the number of antennas are high.

• It has high capacity.

DRAWBACKS:

There are few drawbacks to massive MIMO:

• Since, massive MIMO uses narrow beam which is sensitive in movement of MS, it sensitive to beam alignment as well.

• The power required is higher.

• The complexity of requirement of resources and hardware equipment is high as it Deals with multiple antenna.

• Manufacturing low cost elements and low precision components that work together effectively is a tedious process.

• It costs higher compared to single antenna systems.

CONCLUSION:

Hence, massive MIMO is becoming an irreplaceable part in technology as it is the key to 5G networking. It aims to support various deals of5G wireless services from automation to health care. It is a highly reliable factor in this fast developing communication era.

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